Thanks for the feedback Serhat. I'm had you liked the video!

Thank you so much @serhatgundem! I'm glad you found the video helpful. I always aim to provide the most straightforward and understandable explanations for complex Java concepts. Don't forget to check out the other videos in the series for more Java programming knowledge. Keep coding!

Thanks for the feedback! I'm glad that you found it useful.

Hey @_mantis, thank you so much for your kind words! It's great to hear the tutorial was helpful for you. We're all here to learn and grow together. Stay tuned for more tutorials. Happy coding!

That's what happens when you don't follow the rules of Java. 🙂

Haha, indeed @khorLDW! Joe was a bit unlucky when he tried to become a lion, wasn't he? But no worries, we all encounter errors sometimes. The key is to learn from them. In Joe's case, as long as Joe is a Mammal type reference variable, it can only be cast to a Lion if it's actually pointing to an instance of Lion or its subclass. Let's keep coding and always remember to double check our reference types! Happy coding!

Good question.

In that case, the variable and object type are the same, so it isn't casting.

Hi @adityakuricheti6653, that's a great question. No, the line `lion l = new lion();` is not an example of downcasting.

Downcasting happens when you are dealing with reference variables of superclass types (in this example, "animal" or "mammal") that refer to instances of a subclass (i.e., "lion"), and you wish to refer to these instances with reference variables of their actual type or other subclass types.

In the case of `lion l = new lion();` you are creating a reference variable of the type "lion", and directly assigning it an instance of "lion". Here, you aren't transitioning from a more general superclass reference to a specific subclass reference, which is the case in downcasting.

In other words, you're not starting from an "animal" or "mammal" reference and then specifying that you want to treat it as a "lion". The "lion" instance is being treated as a "lion" right from its creation. Therefore, this comes under the category of regular object instantiation, and not downcasting.

I hope that clarifies things! Let me know if you have any further questions.

Yes, it would work the same way with fields.

Great question, @langstonhodges5863! Yes, the principles of upcasting and downcasting apply to fields as well as methods. However, it is vital to understand that the variable type (not the object type) determines what fields are accessible. So if you upcast an object, you lose access to subclass-specific fields. Conversely, when you downcast, you regain access to those fields. Remember, the compiler always assumes the reference to be of type you cast to, so access is determined accordingly. Keep these points in mind while dealing with fields and casting in Java. I hope this answers your question! Stay tuned for more in-depth tutorials!

Yes. When you cast an object, you aren't changing any data. You are just "making promises" to the compiler that it is pointing at an object of the type you are casting it as.

Great question, @yalakaturi.saidivya9158! Yes, it is indeed possible to cast an object multiple times, but you'll need to remember a few rules. As discussed in the video, we can downcast a superclass reference variable to a subclass (as in our 'jen' to 'lion' example), and then we might cast it back up to its superclass again if required. However, keep in mind that when you cast a superclass reference to a subclass, you must be certain that the actual object type is that subclass. Otherwise, you risk a ClassCastException. And when you upcast, you're limited to using only the methods defined in the superclass, even though the actual object may have additional methods from the subclass. Remember to use multiple casting judiciously and ensure that it aids in the clarity of your program rather than confusing it. Happy coding!

Thanks for watching and the comment, Aashish!

Thank you @aashishthapamagar7662! My goal is always to provide as much detail as possible, making it easier to understand complex programming concepts like object casting in Java. If you have any further queries on this topic or on any other, feel free to ask. Keep coding!

Thanks for the feedback Amine. I'm glad you like the video.

Thank you so much, @aminecherif3832! I'm glad to hear that you found the video helpful and managed to gain a clearer understanding of casting in Java. Remember, coding can sometimes be challenging, but with persistence and dedication, it gets easier. If there's any other concept you're struggling with or would like to learn about, feel free to let me know in the comments. Happy coding!

Here are a couple of examples:

Object x = new String("test 123"); //upcasting example

String y = (String)x; //downcasting example

Hello @asitkumarsahu5211, thanks for your insightful question! Casting a String to a user-defined object type isn't as simple as casting between primitive types or even between classes in the same inheritance hierarchy. You'd generally need to provide a mechanism within the user-defined object itself that can interpret the String and construct an instance of the object.

Consider this simple example where we have a class named `UserProfile`:

```
public class UserProfile {
private String name;
private String occupation;

public UserProfile(String name, String occupation) {
this.name = name;
this.occupation = occupation;
}

// getters and setters...

// static method to create object from String
public static UserProfile fromString(String str) {
String[] parts = str.split(",");
return new UserProfile(parts[0], parts[1]);
}
}
```

With the `fromString` method, you can create a `UserProfile` from a String:

```
String str = "John Doe,Engineer";
UserProfile user = UserProfile.fromString(str);
```

Remember to make your `fromString` method as robust as possible to handle inconsistencies in the input string. You can always visit Oracle's Java documentation online for more on this topic. Stay tuned for more videos!

You can't override the sleep() function in the Animal class because that's where it originates.

You can override sleep in a subclass that would otherwise inherit sleep()

Does that answer your question?

Hi @maharun0, I can understand your confusion. Actually, the Lion class can access the sleep() method in the Animal class due to inheritance. When you create a class in Java and it inherits from another class, the subclass (in this case, Lion) inherits all the public and protected methods from the superclass (in this case, Animal). This is why we are able to override the sleep() method in the Lion class. Now, the overridden method in the subclass (Lion) must have the same name, return type (or a subtype), and same parameter list as the one in the superclass (Animal).

Ensure that the sleep() method in the Animal class is visible to the Lion class, meaning it should be public or protected not private, and that you're not breaking any of these rules. If you adhere to these conditions, you should be able to override the sleep() method without issues.

I hope this helps you clear up your confusion! If you need more information about inheritance or overriding methods in Java, please check other tutorial videos on the channel. Happy coding!